What is the purpose of a Standard Parallel in the land survey system?

The purpose of a Standard Parallel in the land survey system is to aid in land subdivision. Standard Parallels are lines established at regular intervals parallel to the base line in a rectangular land survey system. Their primary function is to maintain uniformity in the surveying of land, especially in areas that may experience considerable topographic changes. By providing a consistent reference point, Standard Parallels facilitate the division of land into smaller, manageable portions, making it easier to identify property lines and manage property boundaries. This process is crucial for the effective organization of land into townships and sections, which promotes efficient land use and planning.

Other choices, while related to surveying, do not accurately describe the specific function of a Standard Parallel. Marking state boundaries and establishing vertical controls involve different methodologies and tools, while providing horizontal control is more aligned with the use of principal meridians and base lines in surveying practices.